tit. In Arizona, bicycles are not defined as vehicles. Maine requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side of moving traffic unless opening the door is reasonably safe to do and can be done without interfering with the movement of traffic. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on a side of a motor vehicle exposed to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload a passenger. These include: Massachusetts currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Mass. Sources: Colo. Rev. However, the Indiana Drivers Manual does caution that, after parking and before opening vehicle doors, a motorist should first check for bicyclists: http://www.in.gov/bmv/files/Drivers_Manual_Chapter_5.pdf. In 2015, Birmingham, Ala., unveiled a citywide bike-share system with 100 e-bikes in the fleet of 400 bikes, in the hopes the program will attract more novice riders. Helmet laws address safety helmet use by motorcycle, low-power cycle (moped, scooter, motorized cycle), or bicycle riders. New Mexico currently has the following law aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: New Mexico requires that a bicyclist ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. The District of Columbia's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. Colorado has codified a three foot passing requirement in three rules to address the variety of circumstances in which a bicyclist may be overtaken by a motorist. Ann. Money raised by the plates goes to charitable organizations that promote safe bicycle operation, safe motor vehicle operation around bicycles, and healthy lifestyles. Ann. Unlike some other states, the law does not specifically say that a light that fails to detect a cyclist is defective, but the Pennsylvania Bicycle Drivers Manual is produced by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation and so should be regarded as an official interpretation of Pennsylvania law. Florida provides that its state traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, from regulating the operation of bicycles. Alabama, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, Tennessee and D.C. require riders under age 16 to wear a helmet. Stat. Wyoming does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. There are no other state laws related to the operation of bicycles on sidewalks. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. For more information on such plates please visit:http://www.okbike.org/. No person twenty-one years of age or younger operating a moving motor vehicle upon the highways of this state shall, by means of a hand-held electronic wireless communications device, send, read, or write a text message or electronic message. Idaho does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. This offense is committed if, under circumstances not constituting negligent driving in the first degree: A person found to have committed negligent driving in the second degree with a vulnerable user victim shall be required to: Alternatively, a person found to have committed negligent driving in the second degree with a vulnerable user victim may elect to have a hearing where a reduced monetary penalty and traffic school may be imposed. New York requires that upon all roadways, any bicycle shall be driven on a usable bicycle lane. Ohio, in conjunction with the Ohio Bicycle Federation, offers Share the Road license plates. West Virginia does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. 13 02.065, Alaska has no helmet law. Massachusetts requires that no person open a door on a motor vehicle unless it is reasonably safe to do so without interfering with the movement of other traffic, including bicyclists and pedestrians. Stat. E-bikes are emissions-free, low impact and operate silently. New Hampshire provides that any city or town shall have the power to make ordinances, bylaws or regulations respecting the use and equipment of bicycles on its ways, provided that any such ordinances, bylaws or regulations are at least as stringent as state laws respecting bicycles. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here. New Jersey and West Virginia both established a two-tiered classification system. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. Oregon defines a "vulnerable user of a public way" as a pedestrian, a highway worker, a person riding an animal or a person operating any of the following on a public way, crosswalk or shoulder of the highway: (1) a farm tractor or implement of husbandry; (2) a skateboard; (3) Roller skates; (4) In-line skates; (5) a scooter; or (6) a bicycle. New Jersey does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Ohio provides that its state traffic laws do not prevent local authorities from, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, regulating the operation of bicycles; provided that no regulation shall be fundamentally inconsistent with the state traffic laws and that no regulation shall prohibit the use of bicycles on any roadway except as otherwise allowed. In addition, Kentucky regulations provide thata bicycle operated in a highway lane with other vehicle types shall keep to the right unless: (a) Preparing for and executing a left turn; (c) The lane is too narrow to be considered a shared lane. (a) Except as provided by Subsection (b), a person operating a bicycle on a roadway who is moving slower than the other traffic on the roadway shall ride as near as practicable to the right curb or edge of the roadway, unless: (1) the person is passing another vehicle moving in the same direction; Illinois Department of Transportation Bicycling Laws site: Illinois Bicycle Rules of the Road pamphlet: Compilation of laws by League of Illinois Bicyclists: A person may not use a telecommunications device to: type a text message or an electronic mail message; transmit a text message or an electronic mail message; or. Ann. 169.18 subd. The use of a wireless telephone or electronic communication device by an operator of a moving vehicle involved in the provision of public transportation service is unlawful. In the event a motor vehicle needs to cross a double yellow line in the roadway to facilitate three feet of clearance, the motor vehicle is permitted as conditions of the roadway allow given the relative speed of the vehicles and the clear line of sight available. 29-A 2323; 2328. Source: Wash. Rev. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Mississippi are generally found in Title 63 of the Mississippi Code (Miss. tit. Upon a roadway designated and signposted for one-way traffic. Florida requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Texas are generally found in Titles 545 and 551 of the Texas Statutes (TS), available here: http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Search.aspx. In Pennsylvania, bicycles are defined as vehicles. ), available here http://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/laws.php. A bicyclist approaching a stop sign must slow down and, if required for safety, stop before entering the intersection. In Oklahoma bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle under Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. Wyoming requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. South Dakota requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. ), available here: http://www.leg.state.or.us/ors/. Virginia defines a vulnerable road user laws as a pedestrian; the operator of or passenger on a bicycle, electric personal assistive mobility device, electric power-assisted bicycle, wheelchair or wheel chari conveyance, skateboard, roller skates, motorized skateboard or scooter, or animal-drawn vehicle or any attached device; or any person riding an animal. Transp. Stat. In New Hampshire bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, except when vehicle is used in Title 21 Chapter 264, and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle in Chapter 265, except for certain enumerated exceptions and provisions which by their nature can have no application. Gen. Laws. Utah offers Share the Road license plates. Hawaii protects vulnerable users by providing a statutory basis for tougher prosecution when a vulnerable road user has been substantially injured or killed due to negligence. The net proceeds of the program are used by the Fairhope Cycling Project to promote, educate, and help make the communities of Alabama bicycle and pedestrian friendly.Source: COA 32-6-64, Alabama does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. A bicyclist may use a lane other than the right-hand lane when: overtaking and passing another a slower vehicle proceeding in the same direction; preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway; the right-hand lane is a dedicated right-turn lane and the bicyclist does not intend to turn right; or. Stat. The location and description of the bicycle shall be published at least once a week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation within the locality. Veh. If preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway. In Florida bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Chapter 316 of the Florida Statutes, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. An individual who is lawfully operating or riding any of the following on a highway, shoulder, crosswalk, or sidewalk: (i) a bicycle, (ii) a farm tractor or farm equipment, (iii) a play vehicle, (iv) a motor scooter, (v) a motorcycle, (vi) an animal-drawn vehicle, (vii) an EPAMD (electric personal assistive mobility device), or (viii) a wheelchair. Vulnerable users are protected by laws requiring: Source: Vt. Stat. When the driver is passing a bicyclist's right side and the person operating the bicycle is turning left. Let's consider an overview of the ones you need to keep in mind. A person may be convicted of failure to maintain control of a motor vehicle found to be operating the vehicle, while engaged in an activity: That is not necessary to the operation of the vehicle; That actually impairs, or would reasonably be expected to impair, the ability of the person to safely operate the vehicle; and. Of which, at least eight, including Arizona, Idaho, Illinois, Oklahoma, Texas, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming, have enacted specific e-bike laws without such requirements. A court may also impose: 1) License suspension; and 2) An order of restitution. "Infliction of Serious Bodily Injury to a Vulnerable Road User" is a class 1 traffic misdemeanor. Arkansas prohibits a driver of a motor vehicle from using a handheld wireless telephone for wireless interactive communication while operating a motor vehicle, except in certain emergency situations. Gen. Laws. 545.424; 545.425. Source: Haw. Source: Mass. Vermont requires that the operator of a motor vehicle approaching or passing a vulnerable user, including a bicyclist, shall exercise due care, which includes increasing clearance, to pass the vulnerable user safely. New Jersey does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Hawaii requires that the driver of a vehicle passing or overtaking a bicyclists proceeding in the same direction shall allow at least three feet of separation between the right side of the driver's vehicle, including all mirrors or other protuberances, and the left side of the bicyclist, and shall not drive to the right side of the roadway until safely clear of the overtaken bicycle. The bicycle must be returned without payment of a fee. The North Carolina Department of Transportation in its "Guide to North Carolina Bicycle and Pedestrian Laws" currently advises that this law does not apply to bicyclists. The failure to wear a helmet as specified above shall not constitute negligence per se nor contributory negligence per se or be considered evidence of negligence or liability. Ch.90, 12A. New York City Department of Transportation Bicycling resources: Transportation Alternatives Bicycling resources: New York Bicycling Coalition Bicycle Law resources: It shall be unlawful for any person to operate a vehicle on a public street or highway or public vehicular area while using a mobile telephone to: Manually enter multiple letters or text in the device as a means of communicating with another person; or. ), available here http://www.nmonesource.com/nmnxtadmin/NMPublic.aspx. A person operating a bicycle upon and along a sidewalk, or a crosswalk, shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and shall give an audible signal before overtaking and passing a pedestrian. Some states, including Alabama and Alaska, that define e-bikes in some manner still nonetheless require an operators license to ride an e-bike. Ann. A bicycle is a device upon which any person or persons may ride, propelled solely by human power through a belt, chain, or gears, and having two or more wheels, excluding mopeds. Enforce ordinances by reasonable fines and penalties. Wyoming prohibits vehicles, other than motorized wheelchairs and vehicles moved by human power, from driving upon a sidewalk or sidewalk area except upon a permanent or duly authorized temporary driveway. For further information on e-bike laws, research, news and industry updates visitPeople for Bikes. This primer deals specifically with low-speed electric bicycles as defined by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on a side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Ann. No person who is 18 years of age or older or who has a Class C license shall operate a motor vehicle on any public road or highway of this state while using a wireless telecommunications device to write, send, or read any text based communication, including but not limited to a text message, instant message, e-mail, or Internet data. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. A moped;9. Code Ann. Code Ann. Michigan's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. B. The District of Columbia does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. No person under the age of 16 years may operate an electric bicycle (Class 3) with throttle power that reaches speeds up to 28 mph Like all bicycles, electric bicycles are legal to operate on public roads but must follow restrictions for Interstates and some US Highways Local ordinances may have other requirements Rev. Hawaii requires that whenever a usable bicycle lane has been provided on a highway, any person operating a bicycle at a speed less than the normal speed of traffic moving in the same direction at such time shall ride within such bicycle lane, except that such person may move out of the lane under any of the following situations: In Hawaii, bicycles are defined as vehicles. Ch.90, 14; Mass. In Louisiana bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Title 32 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Making or attempting to make a left turn; Passing a stopped or slower moving vehicle; The right lane is a right turn only lane; or. The operator of a bicycle emerging from, or entering an alley, driveway, or building, shall upon approaching a sidewalk, or the sidewalk area extending across any alleyway, yield the right-of-way to all pedestrians approaching on said sidewalk, and upon entering the roadway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on said roadway, to the extent necessary to safely enter the flow of traffic. Arizona's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and a bicyclist may potentially be charged with a DUI because bicyclists are subject to the duties applicable to vehicles. New Hampshire requires that no person open the door of a vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Ann. A blind person and such persons service animal. 577.010; 300.010. Nevada does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Stat. California does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. Stat. 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