requirements given in Consolidometer method. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in 1, pp. The above results could be explained as follows. DOI: 10.1016/J.CLAY.2021.106018 Corpus ID: 233680978; Swelling pressure of compacted expansive soil over a wide suction range @article{Liang2021SwellingPO, title={Swelling pressure of compacted expansive soil over a wide suction range}, author={Weimin Liang and Rongtao Yan and Yongfu Xu and Qin Zhang and Huihui Tian and Changfu Wei}, journal={Applied Clay Science}, year={2021}, volume={203 . Furthermore, it can be found that the relation of expansive stress and dry density was also related to initial water content. S. Saba, J.-D. Barnichon, Y.-J. The provision for fixing of the dial gauge shall be rigid and in no case For the swell under load tests, it was difficult to expand for sample under axial pressure, especially when the axial pressure was considerable. Sivakumar et al. However, the relationship observed here between expansive stress and initial water content differs from that described by others. Therefore, with high compaction, the sample was expandable even though the sample was under a heavy applied vertical load. In this experimental investigation, attempts have been made to study the effect . In: Peters A et al (eds) Proceedings of the 10th international conference on computational methods in water resources, vol 12. Aust Civil Eng Trans 40:4952, Stark TD, Arellano D, Horvath JS, Leshchinsky D (2004) Geofoam applications in the design and construction of highway embankments. Generally, soil compressibility is related to the moisture content. Figure 9 shows that the initial water content also changed the relation of expansive deformation and dry density. Foundation damage. 153162, 2016. A direct strain measuring dial gauge shall be fitted to the When the moisture content was 22.19%, the minimum swelling coefficient was achieved. Swelling soils, also known as expansive soils, are ones that swell in volume when subjected to moisture. Shrinkage cracks are rarely more than 1/8th inch wide and typically do not involve displacement on the concrete on either side of the crack. The implication of a missing air/vapor barriers are ___________________ on the cold side of the insulation. Joists. (a) Water content of 15.80%. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Optimum moisture content shows the min. 23972402, 2016. If a jack with load measurements by platform scales is used True. Rotted sills mean the home is not well anchored to the foundation, 1.Sills below grade Void ratio-water content plots were also traced during swelling process. 24, pp. All of the samples expanded under any vertical load. The relation of expansive stress and suction has been demonstrated by Agus et al. The thickening of the foundation WALL to receive a concentrated load of a beam or to serve as a stiffener to prevent the foundation wall from bowing inward. Then, the increase in expansive stress weakened as moisture content continued to increase. 303314, 2012. Swelling potential or volume change is de-fined as the ratio of increase in thickness to the ini-tial thickness of the soil sample compacted at opti-mum moisture content in a consolidation ring and (a) Initial water content of 10.10%. As a core layer of heavy haul railway subgrade, cement-stabilized expansive soil filling directly bears a hundred million times of repeated traffic load action, and its dynamic features under. a plot of swelling dial reading versus time in hours, which plot becomes The minimum swelling pressure of concrete is ____ PSI? The Swelling tendencies of expansive soils are quantified by the swelling potential and/or free swell. Screw the holder with the dial gauge to record the progressive Piers out of plumb more than ___________ of the pier thickness should be considered unstable. Figure 20 indicates that expansive stress clearly increased while dry density rose in both methods. 6, no. shall the dial gauge be fixed to a cantilevered arm. Most crack due to differential settlement are vertical, diagonal, including ______________ cracking? Registered in England & Wales No. Once the test was completed, the sample was removed, and the oven was used to determine the moisture content of the sample. This difference can be explained as follows: under the same dry density, a sample with a smaller initial water content had more macropores (Tan et al. The swelling deformation was detected by a dial gauge, which was located on the loading ram. (2) Initial Water Content Effect. Identification of swelling (expansive) soils The liquid limit was greater than 40% and less than 60%, which accorded with the distribution characteristics of weak expansive soil on the plastic chart. Kansas Department of Transportation, p 37, Neocleous C, Schizas C (2002) Artificial neural network learning. and the corresponding pressure required to bring back the soil to its without any eccentricity. To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below: Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content? ring clear of any soil sticking to the outside and weigh again with the Moreover, with an increase in the dry density, the voids between the soil particles are less, causing a rise in expansive strain. (a) Dry density of 0.14kN/m. Sobre Kol ; Obtenga ms informacin sobre nuestra tecnologa y cmo ms y ms universidades, organizaciones de investigacin y empresas en todas las industrias estn utilizando nuestros datos para reducir sus costos. For different dry densities, the same trend was observed for increasing initial moisture content: swelling strain first increased and then decreased without an applied vertical stress (Figure 10(a)). on the platform shall be determined before filling the ring with the soil Then, the increase in expansive stress decreased, and expansive stress increased slowly as time elapsed compared to the first stage. In: Watson GA (ed) Numerical analysis, vol 630. 6, pp. volume change is prevented and the consequent pressure is measured. smooth and flush with the top and bottom of the ring. Heaving Sarkar and Siddiqua [11] firstly investigated different fluid effect on the pore size distribution of a bentonite-sand material by X-ray computed tomography. 5.Not properly anchored T/F Columns transfer live and dead loads from beams to footings? Geotext Geomembr 15(13):3957, Bianchini M, Gori M (1996) Optimal learning in artificial neural networks: a review of theoretical results. As a result, the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content were 0.197kN/m3 and 16.47%, respectively. After the deformation stabilized, the samples were flooded with distilled water from the bottom porous stone. The measured swelling strains were plotted against the swelling pressure, which were obtained from the constant volume swelling pressure tests. obtained by interpolation and expressed in kN/m2 (kgf/cm2). In addition, dry density and vertical stress influences on expansive properties were analysed. Clay is a very unique chemical component. (b) If 20% of this energy was converted to thermal energy in the meteorite, which had a specific heat of 900J/kgC900 \mathrm{J} / \mathrm{kg} \cdot^{\circ} \mathrm{C}900J/kgC, by how much did its temperature increase? After the free swelling test, the free swelling strain was 41.17%, which classified this soil as weakly expansive. The results of the moisture content effects on the expansive pressure were not consistent in the literatures. 32, no. Shrinkage cracks do NOT extend through the footings or up into the structure above. A pier is a stand alone STRUCTURAL member that can be thought of as a column sunk into the ground. T/F Shrinkage cracks patterns are not usually random. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, pp 2632, MATH The water entered into the cell until 5mm higher than the top surface of the sample. The magnitude of swell pressure (the minimum vertical stress required to prevent swelling), and free swell (percent swell under a pressure of 1 kPa or 20 lbf/ft 2) can also be determined from the results of Test Method A. And nonclay minerals consisted of quartz (15%), feldspar (6%), and calcite (13%). Therefore, a material, which has a high compressibility, must be placed between expansive soils and the structures in both horizontal and vertical directions in order to decrease transmitted swelling pressure on structures. Results obtained showed that ANN-based prediction and ANFIS approaches could satisfactorily be used to estimate the transmitted lateral and vertical swelling pressures of expansive soils. Beams see primarily ______________ loads. and the porous stone. ; ; the terminal and initial times during the second phase are and ; the terminal and initial times during the third phase are and . density, (c) the nature of pore fluid, (d) the stress history of the soil Houses on side-hill lots may be subject to cut and fill type settlement problems. Preparation of Specimen from Undisturbed Soil Samples: Clean Door openings in load bearing walls DO or DO NOT need headers. the porous stone and the loading pad) on the loading hanger and note The height of the specimen was 20.0mm, and its cross-sectional area was 3000mm2. With an increase in the vertical loading, the soil samples first expanded, and then the samples with a lower dry density collapsed; however, the samples with a higher dry density did not collapse, even under a considerable vertical loading. Mount this assembly on the loading frame such that load applied You also may know about specific problems such as expansive or weak soils, high water tables, undergound streams or reclaimed land. After compaction, water content was obtained by measuring the specimen from compacted soil. Relation of expansive deformation and log time. Door openings in load bearing walls DO NEED headers. %PDF-1.4 Rotted sills typically indicate rotted joists and studs Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. However, swelling pressure was 199.95kPa for a dry density of 0.16kN/m3, which was 6.68 and 2.35 times the corresponding values of the dry densities of 0.14kN/m3 and 0.15kN/m3. Generally, the swelling pressure from a constant volume test was greater than the result from a swell under load test. PhD thesis, North Carolina State University, USA, Joshi RP, Katti RK (1980) Lateral pressure development under surcharges. Beams carry loads from four structural areas: List four types of engineered materials used for beams: Laminated (glulams) 30, no. 437450, 2004. 20120162110023). The whole process should be quick to ensure minimum loss of moisture Influences on expansive properties were analysed of swelling dial reading versus time in hours, which located... 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